/arCopyright(c) thereference-paris.comThe Reference اخر الموضوعات و احدث الأخبار من The Reference thereference-paris.comMon, 30 Mar 2026 17:15:00 GMTMon, 30 Mar 2026 17:15:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/http://www.thereference-paris.com/images/logo.png176127 Why Has Thought Remained Alive… While Reality Has Faltered? After this extensive review of the trajectory of freedom of opinion and expression in Islamic thought—from the Qur’an and Sunnah, ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22909Mon, 30 Mar 2026 17:15:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22909 Ahmed Subhy Mansour… When Peace Becomes the Essence of Faith With Ahmed Subhy Mansour , the discussion takes a different turn—not merely within the bounds of jurisprudence, but in redefining ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22908Mon, 30 Mar 2026 17:14:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22908 Muhammad Salim Al-Awa… From Traditional Jurisprudence to the Jurisprudence of the Modern State If Gamal al-Banna settled the question of freedom as a purely individual matter, then Muhammad ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22907Mon, 30 Mar 2026 17:12:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22907 Gamal al-Banna… No Guardianship Over Freedom If Muhammad Abduh confronted stagnation, and Shaltout opened the door of ijtihad from within the المؤسسة , then Gamal al-Banna ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22906Tue, 17 Mar 2026 17:10:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22906 Mahmoud Shaltout… When Freedom Entered Through the Gate of the Institution After Muhammad Abduh, who opened the door to reason, and Abd al-Muta‘al al-Sa‘idi, who confronted ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22905Tue, 17 Mar 2026 17:08:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22905 Sheikh Abd al-Mut‘al al-Sa‘idi… When Difficult Texts Were Re-read Through the Lens of Freedom If Muhammad Abduh reopened the door to the use of reason, then Abd al-Mut‘al al-Sa‘idi entered ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22904Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:20:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22904 Muhammad Abduh… Reason as a Foundation of Faith At a historical moment when Islamic societies were burdened by stagnation and besieged by the authority of imitation, Muhammad Abduh emerged not ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22903Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:17:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22903 How Did the Islamic Mind Resist Closure? The history of Islamic thought was never a straight line, but rather a field of tension and struggle between two currents: one that feared the ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22902Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:15:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22902 At a moment when the confrontation between the United States and Iran is escalating, coinciding with the continued Israeli aggression against the Palestinian people and the expansion of ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22901Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:13:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22901 Ibn Rushd… The Reconciliation of Reason with the Text The crisis of Islamic thought at no stage resulted from a shortage of texts, but rather from the fear of employing reason to ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22900Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:11:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22900 Ijtihad: A Neglected Obligation! After centuries of restriction, ijtihad in the public consciousness has become synonymous with adventure, sometimes with transgression, and in some ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22899Sun, 15 Mar 2026 17:09:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22899 Why Was the Gate of Ijtihad Closed? If the transformation of jurisprudence into an instrument of power narrowed the space for opinion, the next step was even more dangerous: the suffocation of ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22898Tue, 10 Mar 2026 17:09:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22898 When Jurisprudence Became an Instrument of Power In its early beginnings, Islamic jurisprudence was born as a human endeavor to understand the text and as a response to the needs of a ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22897Tue, 10 Mar 2026 17:06:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22897]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22896Sun, 08 Mar 2026 17:59:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22896 The Umayyad and Abbasid Eras… Intellectual Flourishing or Political Restriction? When we move from the era of Prophethood and the Rightly Guided Caliphate to the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22895Sun, 08 Mar 2026 17:54:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22895 Since yesterday, Saturday, March 7, the United States and Israel have opened the second week of the war against Iran with a new model—or round—of fighting that can be described as a “battle to break ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22894Sun, 08 Mar 2026 13:37:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22894 The Dhimma Pact… in the Custody of History The “Dhimma pact” is among the concepts most frequently misused in debates about Islam, freedom of expression, and coexistence. Between those who ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22893Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:20:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22893 Umar ibn al-Khattab… Justice in Governance or Suppression of Peoples? Few figures have been invoked in the political and religious debate over freedom of opinion in Islam as frequently as the ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22892Sat, 07 Mar 2026 17:15:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22892 When Did the Crisis of Freedom Begin? From the Text to the State… If the Qur’anic text established freedom, and the Prophetic experience embodied it in practice, then the question ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22891Thu, 05 Mar 2026 17:43:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22891 Political thinker Abdel Rahim Ali said the current confrontation between the United States and Israel on one side and Iran on the other represents a markedly different phase from the previous ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22890Wed, 04 Mar 2026 17:52:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22890 At moments of major transformation within closed political systems, the real leaders do not always appear at the forefront. Rather, their influence is shaped in the “gray zones” that connect the ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22889Wed, 04 Mar 2026 17:28:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22889 In times of calm, nations are measured by their strategic plans for development and prosperity in the service of their peoples. But in times of the “deluge of major tensions and wars,” they are ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22888Tue, 03 Mar 2026 16:21:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22888 These are the two questions that Egyptian and European media outlets and journalists who contacted me over the past 24 hours have not stopped asking, persistently seeking a logical answer to them. ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22887Sun, 01 Mar 2026 17:11:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22887 Abdel Rahim Ali, head of the Middle East Studies Center in Paris, said that the contacts conducted by President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi with a number of Arab leaders reflect a clear awareness of the ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22886Sun, 01 Mar 2026 16:07:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22886 The killing of the Iranian Supreme Leader and a number of senior military commanders has raised wide-ranging questions about the nature of Iran’s potential response and whether Tehran will resort ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22885Sun, 01 Mar 2026 16:05:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22885 As military strikes on Iran continue and tensions in the region escalate, questions are mounting regarding the position of international law, the limits of the international community’s influence, ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22884Sun, 01 Mar 2026 16:02:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22884 Dr. Abdel Rahim Ali, head of the Middle East Studies Center in Paris, stated that the drums of war had been beating for a long time and that talks between the two sides had been moving toward this ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22883Sun, 01 Mar 2026 15:58:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22883 Political thinker and journalist Abdel Rahim Ali, head of the Middle East Studies Center in Paris, raised pressing questions about whether Hezbollah might join the ongoing confrontation following ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22882Sat, 28 Feb 2026 22:19:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22882 Cairo Seen as a Stabilizing Force Amid Escalation Political thinker and journalist Abdel Rahim Ali, head of the Middle East Studies Center in Paris, said Egypt’s “calculated and prudent” ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22881Sat, 28 Feb 2026 22:15:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22881 Political thinker and journalist Abdel Rahim Ali, head of the Middle East Studies Center in Paris, said Iran’s attacks on several Gulf countries represent a serious regional escalation reflecting ...]]>http://www.thereference-paris.com/22880Sat, 28 Feb 2026 22:07:00 GMThttp://www.thereference-paris.com/22880