Extreme-right Israeli minister visits al-Aqsa mosque compound

The extreme-right Israeli firebrand Itamar Ben-Gvir has
visited Jerusalem’s al-Aqsa mosque compound for the first time since becoming a
minister, his spokesperson has said, angering Palestinians who see the move as
a provocation.
“Our government will not surrender to the threats of Hamas,”
Ben-Gvir said in a statement, after the Palestinian militant group had warned
such a move would be a “red line”.
Ben-Gvir’s visit on Tuesday came days after he took office
as national security minister, a position that gives him powers over the
police.
“The Temple Mount is the most important place for the people
of Israel, and we maintain the freedom of movement for Muslims and Christians,
but Jews will also go up to the mount, and those who make threats must be dealt
with – with an iron hand,” Ben-Gvir said.
Observers warned this step, seen by the Palestinian Authority
as a major provocation, could result in deadly violence and escalate tensions
in the occupied territories and among Muslim citizens of Israel.
Lying within Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem, the compound is
administered by the Waqf Islamic affairs council, with Israeli forces operating
there and controlling access.
Under longstanding arrangements Jews can visit but not pray
at what they revere as their holiest site on which biblical temples stood, the
last of which was destroyed by the Romans in AD70. Muslims cherish the compound
as housing Islam’s third-holiest shrine, al-Aqsa mosque, and have prayed there
since the seventh century, including maintaining exclusive prayer rights there
after Israel’s annexation of East Jerusalem after the 1967 six-day war.
Ben-Gvir has said this is “discriminatory” and Jews should
be permitted to pray at the compound, while allowing Muslims to pray inside the
mosque.
Ben-Gvir was filmed touring the esplanade near the mosque
with police and aides. Waqf guards told AFP that Ben-Gvir was accompanied by
units of the Israeli security forces while a drone hovered above the holy site.
After he left the compound on Tuesday morning, visitors arrived at the plaza
and the situation remained quiet.
Ben-Gvir has visited al-Aqsa numerous times since entering
parliament in April 2021, but his presence there as a senior minister carries
far greater weight. A controversial visit in 2000 by the then opposition
leader, Ariel Sharon, was one of the main triggers for the second Palestinian intifada,
or uprising, which lasted until 2005.
The Israeli opposition leader, Yair Lapid, had opposed the
visit by Ben-Gvir and predicted it would lead to bloodshed.
The Palestinian Authority, which nominally rules the West
Bank, called the visit “an incursion to al-Aqsa mosque” and an “unprecedented
provocation”.
The Hamas spokesperson Hazem Qassem deemed it a “crime” and
vowed the site “will remain Palestinian, Arab, Islamic”. Hamas rules the Gaza
Strip and in May 2021 an 11-day war broke out in the territory between
Palestinian militants and Israel after violence at al-Aqsa mosque.
Palestinians have long charged that Israel’s goal is to
infringe on Muslim prayer at the site and establish Jewish primacy in order to
build a third temple. Israeli governments have traditionally denied this but
Jordan’s King Hussein, who has custodianship over Muslim and Christian sites in
Jerusalem under his country’s peace treaty with Israel, has voiced concern and
warned the new government not to cross red lines.
Avi Dichter, an MP from Benjamin Netanyahu’s Likud party, on
Monday backed Ben-Gvir’s planned visit during an interview on Israeli radio.
Israeli media reported that Netanyahu, who returned to power last Thursday as
head of the most far-right coalition in Israeli history, had discussed the
matter with Ben-Gvir late Monday.
Menachem Klein, a professor emeritus of political science at
Bar-Ilan University and visiting fellow at the King’s College London department
of war studies, said the visit offered further proof that Netanyahu “doesn’t
care about international law and the advice of the Biden administration”.
For years seen as a fringe figure, Ben-Gvir, the Jewish
Power party leader, entered mainstream politics with the backing of Netanyahu.
He has advocated for Arab-Israelis deemed disloyal to the state to be expelled
and for the annexation of the occupied West Bank.
Until a few years ago he had a portrait in his living room
of Baruch Goldstein, who massacred 29 Palestinian worshippers at a Hebron
mosque in 1994.
Israel is to carry out one of the largest expulsions of
Palestinian civilians since it occupied the West Bank in 1967 if residents do
not agree to vacate their homes in the Masafer Yatta area of the territory,
Israeli and Palestinian officials have said.
The move, termed a “fast-track war crime” by the Israeli
human rights group B’Tselem, was disclosed to Palestinians during a meeting of
liaison officials from both sides, according to Nidal Younes, the head of the
Masafer Yatta local council, as well as B’Tselem and another Palestinian source
familiar with affairs in the area.
“We are talking about expulsion by force on a permanent
basis. The Israelis said they would choose another place for the people. But
our people will certainly refuse, it is impossible that they will leave their
homes. The army will definitely have to use force and people will stay in their
homes as long as they possibly can,” Younes said.
Younes said he did not know when the expulsion would be
carried out, but B’Tselem said the Israelis had conveyed that the eviction
notices could be issued within days.
In response to a query from the Guardian, the office of
Israel’s Coordinator of Government Activities in the Territories (COGAT)
confirmed late on Monday that the fate of the Masafer Yatta villagers was
discussed with Palestinian officials and stressed Israel’s view that the area
in which 12 Palestinian herding hamlets were situated, housing more than a
thousand people, was strictly for use as an army training area, with no one but
soldiers allowed.
COGAT referenced a supreme court decision from May last year
that found that Palestinians were seasonal itinerants rather than residents
even though they traced their residency back many generations.
After that decision, which was condemned as illegal by
Israeli and foreign rights groups, the previous government of Lapid and the
then defence minister, Benny Gantz, ratcheted up pressure on the Palestinians
to leave through demolitions of their buildings and the holding of live-fire
military exercises around the villages.
The latest move comes only a day after the Netanyahu ally
Bezalel Smotrich of the Religious Zionist party, who has questioned the right
of Arabs to be in the West Bank if they do not accept inferior status to Jews,
took up his post as the minister overseeing COGAT.